According to the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, DERs “are small, modular, energy generation and storage technologies that provide electric capacity or energy”—sources such as solar panels on roofs, batteries, electric vehicles, heat pumps, small wind turbines. According to the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, DERs “are small, modular, energy generation and storage technologies that provide electric capacity or energy”—sources such as solar panels on roofs, batteries, electric vehicles, heat pumps, small wind turbines. Distributed generation (DG) in the residential and commercial buildings sectors and in the industrial sector refers to onsite, behind-the-meter energy generation. DG often includes electricity from renewable energy systems such as solar photovoltaics (PV) and small wind turbines, as well as battery. DERs are small modular energy generators that can provide an alternative to traditional large-scale generation. DERs can improve energy reliability and resilience by decentralizing the grid. Horowitz, Kelsey, Zac Peterson, Michael Coddington, Fei Ding, Ben Sigrin, Danish Saleem, Sara E. This white paper highlights the importance of the ability to adequately model distributed battery energy storage systems (BESS) and other forms of distributed energy storage in conjunction with the currently prevailing solar photovoltaic (PV) systems of current DER installations. The higher. To help meet the ever-rising demand for energy in the U.